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The Community Development Department is seeking enthusiastic and customer-service oriented candidates for the position of Permit Technician.

Under general supervision, the Permit Technician will perform specialized work associated with the processing of building permits and clerical work involving a substantial degree of judgment and initiative; and to do related work as required. This class is assigned to the Building Inspection Division of the Community Development Department.

Typical Duties include, but are not limited to:

• Receives and processes permit applications; 
• Review plans received for completeness and inclusion of required attachments; 
• Calculates permit fees; 
• Distributes plans for checking; 
• Prepares and issues applicable permits and notices in accordance with established procedures; 
• Creates and updates log books; 
• Inputs letters, reports, forms' data, and other material; 
• Maintains files and records; 
• Prepares reports including those of a statistical nature; 
• Provides information to interested parties; 
• Processes complex documents to insure completeness and accuracy; 
• Composes correspondence; 
• Prepares applications and forms; 
• Arranges meetings and schedules appointments; and 
• Operates a variety of office equipment, including personal computers.

Educations and Experience: Equivalent to completion of the twelfth grade and three years of experience involving building permit applications and permit issuance. Completion of coursework in construction management or building inspection techniques is desirable. 

Knowledge of: 

• Building terms and codes; 
• Construction practices and materials; 
• Modern office management; 
• Word processing, spreadsheet and database software; 
• Basic mathematics; 
• Correct English usage and spelling; and 
• Records retention systems. 

Ability to: 

• Acquire a thorough knowledge of the policies, regulations and procedures of the Building Inspection Division; 
• Acquire a working knowledge of applicable building codes and regulations; 
• Understand, interpret and explain applicable codes and regulations; 
• Make arithmetical computations; 
• Deal with the public and fellow employees effectively; 
• Prepare statistical reports from available data; 
• Follow verbal and written instructions; 
• Perform specialized clerical and technical work requiring the use of discretion and independent judgment; 
• Input a variety of material on a computer keyboard at a rate that satisfies the needs of the Division. 

Possession of: Possession of a valid, appropriate California Driver's License may be required.

THE DEPARTMENT

The Community Development department is responsible for ensuring a sustainable and vibrant community that supports a high quality of life for residents, businesses and visitors. It includes the Building, Planning and Housing divisions, and core services include building permits, plan check, inspections, affordable housing administration and housing initiatives, as well as long-range planning and development review. The Building Division is responsible for managing the building permit, plan check and inspection processes for compliance with all applicable State laws, local municipal codes and related policies involving building construction, which requires a high level of customer service with the public and coordination within and across departments and agencies.

THE POSITION

The Building Official oversees the development of programs, projects, operations, and services of the Building Division, and is a part of the Community Development management team. This position will manage a 13-member team, including a Permit Manager, Building Permit Technicians, Plan Check Engineer, and Building Inspectors, and will receive general direction from the Assistant Community Development Director or the Community Development Director. Successful performance in this role requires professional and technical skills in the core functional areas of permitting, plan checking and building inspections, as well as knowledge of public policy and municipal services, and excellence in communication and leadership. The individual must be able to assess the current needs of the department and look for innovative ways to help the department advance to improve service delivery and meet the changing needs of the community. This will require guiding modifications to the City’s land management permitting system (Accela) to improve processes, enhance customer service and monitor data.

With the adoption of the General Plan Update in 2016 and, most recently, the Housing Element zoning-related changes, the City is expected to see physical change as plans come to fruition. A key priority for this position will be overseeing the building permit process for a diverse range of projects from tenant improvements to new single-family residential construction to hotels to large-scale, comprehensive planned mixed-use campuses. Currently, the City has approximately 775 residential units and 260,000 square feet of life science uses under construction, with over 2,000 residential units, two hotels and more than 1.8 million square feet of commercial square footage approved, but not yet under construction, along with a number of large development projects currently under review. To learn more, visit menlopark.gov/projects. Another focus of the position will be on collaborating with the Sustainability Team to evaluate and develop green and sustainable codes and regulations to further the City’s climate action goal, which is one of the City Council’s top priorities. 

Salary Information:

Planning/Building Technician I: $52,888 - $72,081

Planning/Building Technician II: $58,379 - $79,564

THE POSITION

The Planning/Building Technician provides information and direction to the general public and applicants at the Community Development counter. The current vacancy is within the Building Division, duties include receiving, reviewing, and processing a variety of permits/plans in one or more specialized areas. These positions will primarily work on permits/plans for Building. The Planning/Building Technician assists applicants in the processing and reviewing of applications for building permits by coordinating project approvals through City departments and outside agencies; reviews permit applications, plans, and supporting documents for proper form, completeness, sufficiency of information, conformance with legal standards, and compliance with City requirements; provides information at the public counter, by telephone, or by other means of communication. An example of duties are:

• Assists the public, contractors, and developers with building questions including the building permit process and electronic plan submittals.
• Provides customer service at the public counter, by telephone, or by other means of communication regarding applicable ordinances, regulations, requirements, processes and procedures related to permitting, planning, and City regulations and requirements.
• Assists staff and the public with the review of a variety of building and land development permit applications for accuracy and completeness to ensure conformance with legal standards, and compliance with City requirements; inputs information into the computer system; routes plans and information. 
• Conducts building permit processing; reviews permit applications, plans, specifications, and supporting documents for completeness and compliance with legal standards and City requirements; verifies contractors’ licenses, business licenses, and insurance coverages.
• Calculates permit fees and provides permit estimates; collects fees, and issues permits and receipts; issues building, plumbing, mechanical, and electrical permits following established guidelines.
• Coordinates project approvals through City departments and outside agencies to assist applicants; arranges meetings with applicants and City staff to ensure timely processing of permits; monitors the progress of permit approvals.
• Approves various permits, including but not limited to minor residential mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and alterations, as well as portions of swimming pools and spas, residential production permits, and business licenses.      
• Performs related duties as assigned.

To view all the essential duties of this position click here.

MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS

A combination of education and experience which would provide the required knowledge and abilities is qualifying.  Note: education may not fully substitute for the required experience unless expressly stated herein. 

Planning/Building Technician I:

Equivalent to graduation from high school;

AND

Two (2) years of full-time administrative or technical experience that involves extensive public contact preferably in the planning, building, or engineering field.

Planning/Building Technician II:

Equivalent to graduation from high school;

AND

Two (2) years of full-time increasingly responsible experience performing duties similar to that of a Planning/Building Technician I with the City of Rocklin.

Licenses and Certifications:

• Possession of, or ability to obtain and maintain, a valid California Class C Driver License and a satisfactory driving record is required.  Individuals who do not meet this requirement due to a disability will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. 
• A Permit Technician Certificate from the International Code Council (ICC) is required within twelve (12) months of appointment.

SUMMARY

Under general supervision, plans, leads, assigns, schedules, and participates in the work of staff responsible for performing aquatics duties at the District’s aquatics facilities.  Assists with the day-to-day aquatics operations, ensures that facilities are prepared and maintained for public use.  Monitors activities in the water, pool, decks, and ancillary areas of District aquatics facilities to ensure the safety of patrons; explains and enforces aquatics policies, regulations, and rules; performs rescues and administers first aid, CPR, and AED as needed; and performs related work as required. 

Schedule: 30 hours per week. Schedule will vary, will include weekends.

APPLICATION PROCEDURE

Please submit a District application and resume. Applicants who do not submit all required documents may not be considered.

SELECTION PROCESS

Based upon all submitted materials, the applicants presenting the best job-related qualifications will be invited to proceed in the recruitment process.  The recruitment schedule outlined below is tentative and subject to change:

SUPERVISION RECEIVED AND EXERCISED

Receives supervision from supervisory staff and direction from higher-level staff.  Exercises direction over lower-level staff.

DISTINGUISHING CHARACTERISTICS

This is the advanced journey-level classification in the Lifeguard classification series responsible for providing lead direction and training to lower-level staff and for ensuring that the District’s aquatics facilities are maintained in a safe and effective working condition.  Incumbents are responsible for establishing objectives, timelines, and methods to deliver services.  Work is reviewed upon completion for soundness, appropriateness, and conformity to policy and requirements.  This classification is distinguished from the Lifeguard II by the assignment of more complex tasks requiring a greater level of technical and specialized knowledge and a higher degree of independent judgment, including serving in a lead capacity over lower level staff.

ESSENTIAL DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Management reserves the right to add, modify, change, or rescind the work assignments of different positions and to make reasonable accommodations so that qualified employees can perform the essential functions of the job.

1. Plans, leads, assigns, directs, and participates in the work of staff responsible for performing lifeguard duties at the District’s aquatics facilities; assigns lifeguard staff to daily rotation schedules, ensuring proper coverage at all times.
2. Receives and responds to questions, concerns, and complaints from patrons; determines issues and resolves or refers to Aquatics Coordinator or Aquatics Supervisor as appropriate.
3. Assists Aquatics Coordinator in leading training sessions, including safety drills and other emergency procedures; ensures that lifeguard staff attend required trainings and maintains records on same.
4. Provides aquatic safety and supervision for patrons; monitors activities in the water, pool decks, and ancillary areas of District aquatics facilities to prevent accidents and to ensure the safety and well-being of patrons.
5. Implements and monitors District policies and procedures; enforces aquatics regulations; cautions patrons regarding unsafe activities.
6. Performs the work of lower-level staff, including, but not limited to, all required lifeguard-training skills and class instruction as needed.
7. Monitors facility use; ensures that the facility is opened, closed, and secured in compliance with District practices and procedures and that the pool and restrooms are maintained in a safe, neat, and clean condition.
8. Inspects and maintains swimming and pool equipment for functionality; ensures proper placement and availability in the pool area; recommends maintenance and repair as needed.
9. Maintains records of participation and completes required reports.
10. Assists with District special events as needed.
11. Performs other duties as assigned.

QUALIFICATIONS

Education and Experience:

• High School Diploma or GED;

AND

• Two years of relevant aquatics experience serving in an aquatics facility.

OR

• Any combination of training, education, and experience that would provide the required knowledge, skills, and abilities. 

Knowledge of:

• Principles of leadership in an aquatics environment.
• Principles and techniques of all lifeguarding skills.
• Organization and operation of the aquatics facilities, including maintenance, occupational hazards, and standard safety practices.
• Relevant laws, rules, regulations, policies, and procedures.
• Operational characteristics of water rescue safety equipment and devices.
• Principles and practices for providing high level of customer service.
• Principles and practices of recordkeeping.
• Modern office practices, methods, and computer equipment and applications related to the work.

Ability to:

• Assign aquatics staff to daily rotation schedule, ensuring proper coverage to ensure the safety of patrons and staff.
• Effectively provide staff leadership and work direction.
• Assist with training.
• Monitor and enforce relevant law, rules, regulations, policies, and procedures.
• Administer first aid, CPR, and AED as needed.
• Maintain order and safety in a crowded and noisy environment.
• Maintain facilities and equipment in a clean, safe, and secure manner.
• Perform work in an efficient, effective, safe, and timely manner.
• Demonstrate strong customer service skills and establish, maintain, and foster positive and effective working relationships.
• Independently organize work, set priorities, meet deadlines, and follow up on assignments.
• Use English effectively to communicate in person, over the telephone, and in writing.

Licenses and Certifications:

At time of appointment, and maintained throughout employment possession of:

• California Driver’s License, with a satisfactory driving record,
• American Red Cross Lifeguard certification,
• American Red Cross Water Safety Instructor certification,
• American Red Cross Lifeguard Instructor certification is highly desirable.

PHYSICAL DEMANDS

Work is primarily performed within a public swimming pool environment, where stamina is needed to perform moderate to heavy lifting of pool equipment and furniture or children and adults who may require removal from the pool, and to stay in the pool for prolonged periods.  Must possess the mobility to stand, stoop, kneel, reach, bend, climb, push and pull materials and equipment, and swim while wearing an appropriate uniform with protective equipment.  Vision and hearing must be sufficient to see and hear adults and children in crowded and noisy conditions and/or situations.  Must also possess:  the mobility to work in an office setting and use standard office equipment, including a computer; vision to read printed materials and a computer screen; and hearing and speech to communicate in person or by using a telephone and radio.  Finger dexterity is needed to access, enter, and retrieve data using a computer keyboard or to operate safety equipment.  Must possess the ability to swim distances and dive to pool depths, as determined by testing/certification authorities, and to lift 150 pounds or heavier weights with assistance and/or the use of proper equipment.

ENVIRONMENTAL ELEMENTS

Incumbents work outdoors in a pool environment with wet and slippery conditions, and are exposed to variable weather conditions; may be exposed to chlorine, acids, and other chemicals at aquatics facilities, as well as blood and body fluids while rendering first aid and CPR.  Incumbents will interact with individuals in interpreting and enforcing rules, policies, and procedures.

WORKING CONDITIONS

Incumbents may be assigned an irregular work schedule, including weekends, early mornings, evenings, and holidays. 

PRE-EMPLOYMENT CONDITIONS

• Department of Justice fingerprint clearance.
• TB Test

REASONABLE ACCOMMODATION

Applicants with disabilities may request reasonable accommodation throughout the selection process. Request for reasonable accommodation during the selection process may be made by contacting the Human Resources Office prior to the final filing date.

LARPD is an Equal Opportunity/ADA Employer and values diversity at all levels of the organization.

This recruitment is open until filled and applications will be accepted on a continuous basis.  The first review date is 10:00am on Tuesday, April 2, 2024.  This recruitment may close at any time without notice so interested applicants are encouraged to apply early.

The City of Sunnyvale is seeking a Building Inspector to provide building construction inspections. Depending on the applicant qualifications, the position will be filled at the appropriate level/salary of either a Building Inspector I or Building Inspector II.

Our Building Safety team works as one solution-driven, cohesive team, and encourages leadership from the ground-up.  Are you the next Building Inspector I/II to join our team?

This position is part of a 12-person building inspection team working on a variety of projects including single-family residential, commercial tenant improvements in existing and new buildings, new construction of large development projects of townhomes, multifamily, hotels, and Class A office buildings.

The ideal candidate will have strong technical knowledge of the building codes, is a good communicator to coworkers, contractors, and other members of the public.  They will be able to prepare clear, concise, and comprehensive reports, correspondence, and other required documents.  They will be required to maintain forms, records, and field reports relative to inspection activities and to document findings.

The City of Sunnyvale offers:

• Comprehensive medical, dental, and vision benefits
• Classic CalPERS members have 4% of the employee contributions paid by the City, leaving only 3% for the employee to contribute.
• Retiree medical benefits available

Salary: $44.98 - $63.29 Hourly

A complete application consists of a City application and responses to the required supplemental questions. The position opens on Tuesday, March 5, 2024 and the first review date is Tuesday, April 2,

This Internship is offered as part of a Regional Internship Partnership to introduce and encourage new graduates to local municipal governments. The Town of Los Altos Hills hopes that internships like this will serve as a platform to connect a diverse student population with agencies that recognize their value and provide important opportunities for applicants to bring fresh ideas while gaining valuable hands-on experience in the public sector.

The Town of Los Altos Hills has five rewarding, non-benefitted summer internships to begin June 10, 2024 through August 30, 2024.

Job Description: 

The intern’s workload will be a balance of assisting in daily municipal operations and special projects. Duties may include, but are not limited to proof reading, poster design, grassroots marketing, implementing events, organization of record management, benchmarking, photographing activities and research. The position will serve as a regular staff member and will receive assignments and work direction from the Community Services Supervisor. The primary goal of the internship program is to provide a college student or recent graduate an opportunity to apply their academic training in a municipal government setting. This paid internship provides hands-on experience in the daily operations of municipal government on all levels, thus enhancing the intern’s skills and résumé for a future profession in government.

Qualifications:

• Current Undergraduate College Student or Bachelor’s degree in Community Services/Recreation or related fields
• Knowledge of principles and practices of organization and recreation
• Interest in local government
• Strong oral & written communication skills
• High level of computer skills
• Effective interpersonal skills as well as the ability to establish and maintain professional working relationships with supervisors, co-workers, and the public
• Applicable previous experience
• Self-motivated

THE CITY OF SEAL BEACH IS NOW ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS FOR THE POSITION OF POOL LIFEGUARD. THIS IS AN EXCELLENT JOB FOR SWIM ENTHUSIASTS.

FINAL FILING DATE: This recruitment is Open Until Filled. Interested applicants are encouraged to apply promptly, as this recruitment is open until filled and the filing period may close at any time, without notice, once a sufficient number of qualified applications have been received. 

These are temporary part-time non-benefited positions.

POSITION

Under supervision the Pool Lifeguard performs, observes and ensures the safety of participants in recreational and organized swimming activities; maintains a safe aquatic environment and assists with daily activities and operations of the program; communicates pool rules; assist instructors with class preparation, inventory, cleaning of equipment and registration as needed and performs related duties as required. This is a temporary part-time non-benefited position.

ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS

Under supervision, the Pool Lifeguard performs, observes and ensures the safety of participants in recreational and organized swimming activities; maintains a safe aquatic environment and assists with daily activities and operations of the program; communicates pool rules; assist instructors with class preparation, inventory, cleaning of equipment and registration as needed and performs related duties as required. This is a temporary part-time non-benefited position.

THE POSITION: 

The City of San Pablo is actively recruiting for a Community Services Coordinator I/II position to plan, organize, and direct services and programs within the Community Services Department for our senior population, volunteer programs and city-wide special events. Our senior programs provide opportunities for adults 50 years of age and older, to engage in active and healthy programming. The Church Lane Senior Center hosts a congregate lunch program, numerous senior focused special events, weekday door-to-door transportation service (managed by a different full-time coordinator) and drop- in programs and classes. The city hosts 10-12 city-wide special events each year that include family dances, spring egg hunt, Cinco de Mayo celebration, Movies Under the Stars, 4th of July Multi-Cultural celebration, Halloween, Veterans Day and a Winter Wonderland Festival. The Community Services Department relies heavily on volunteers for both special events and senior programs and wants to expand the volunteer recruitment and training program. 

TO VIEW JOB ANNOUNCEMENT, CLICK JOB PDF OR JOB ANNOUNCEMENT URL BELOW.

Position:    Management Analyst Intern – Community Development Department Housing & Admin 

Salary:     $25.08 to $30.02 per hour (Dependent on Qualifications)

Job Type:     Internship

Location:     City Hall- Community Development Department 
    330 W 20th Ave., San Mateo, CA  94403

Hours:     25-30 hours per week/Flexible schedule

Application:     An official City of San Mateo employment application and supplemental questionnaire is required.

Closing Date:    May 5, 2024 or upon receipt of the first 100 applications and supplemental questionnaires

THE POSITION:  The City of San Mateo’s Community Development Department has an opportunity for an intern to work on a number of projects. The Department, which has about 55 full time employees, includes the Building, Housing, Planning, Code Enforcement, & Business/Admin Divisions. The Management Analyst Intern will primarily support the Housing and Business/Admin Divisions and receive primary supervision from the Department’s Business Manager and Housing Manager, and project specific direction from the supervisor/manager primarily responsible for each specific project. The duration and start date of the internship are flexible, though summer interns typically start between mid-May and Mid-June. 

MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS:  
•    BA/BS or Masters Candidate 
•    Strong analytical, writing and verbal skills; effective written and oral communication
•    Experience conducting research and data analyses
•    Able to work independently with direction from supervisor
•    Interest in learning more about a career in local government

DUTIES: The primary projects will most likely include the following: 
•    Market Research / Data Analysis. Support the research and help prepare findings report on fee schedules across multiple jurisdictions to help the Business Manager prepare for the 2025 comprehensive fee study. 
•    Contracts / Grant Administration. Support the Housing Division Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) and Permanent Local Housing Allocation (PLHA) administration of contracts and grant funds for nonprofit recipients.
•    Housing Element Compliance / Certification. Support the Housing Division with implementation of Housing Element policies and programs.
•    Community Relations Commission Support. Support the Community Relations Commission, under the direction of the commission liaison, in coordinating commission meeting, preparing documents for commission review, and preparing commission documents for approval and filing with the City Clerk.

In addition, the intern may work on a variety of other projects to support Community Development Department special projects and operations, depending upon need, availability and interest. 

HOW TO APPLY: Interested candidates should submit an official City of San Mateo employment application and supplemental questionnaire by May 5, 2024 on-line on CalOpps.org.
or
Submit an official City of San Mateo application and supplemental questionnaire by May 5, 2024 to the City of San Mateo Human Resources Department, 330 W. 20th Avenue, San Mateo, CA 94403

SUPPLEMENTAL QUESTIONNAIRE:   Please submit a cover letter discussing your interest and experience as they relate to this position.
 

DESCRIPTION/RESPONSIBILITIES:

 The City of San Jose

The City of San Jose is a full-service Charter City and currently operates under a hybrid Council/Manager form of government. The City Council consists of ten Council Members elected by district and a Mayor elected at-large. The City Manager, who reports to the Council, and the executive team provide strategic leadership that supports the policy-making role of the Mayor and the City Council and ensures the organization delivers high quality services that meet the community's needs. The City actively engages with the community through Council-appointed boards, commissions, and project specific engagement opportunities. Operations are supported by 6,885 full time equivalent positions and a total Fiscal year 2022-2023 budget of approximately $5.3 billion. San Jose is dedicated to maintaining the highest fiscal integrity and earning high credit ratings to ensure the consistent delivery of quality services to the community. Extensive information regarding San Jose can be found on the City's website at www.sanjoseca.gov .

The Housing Department

The City of San Jose's Housing Department's mission is to strengthen and to revitalize the community through housing and neighborhood investments. The Housing Department has funded over 20,000 affordable apartments, oversees the Rent Stabilization Program that provides protection to both renters and mobile homeowners, and is implementing innovative programs to preserve restricted affordable apartments. The Housing Department also strives to make homelessness in San Jose rare, brief, and one-time, through the implementation of the Community Plan to End Homelessness. The Plan is a collaborative public-private partnership with the County of Santa Clara's Office of Supportive Housing, the Santa Clara Housing Authority, and Destination: Home, a nonprofit. The Housing Department manages four U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Programs entitlement grants in addition to numerous state and local grant programs. Over the past three years, the Housing Department has played a major role in protecting the City's most vulnerable residents by investing over $150 million in funding to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Housing Department has a capital budget of approximately $333.5 million, an operating budget of $19 million and 109 full-time employees. The Housing Department is committed to creating a welcoming, equitable, and supportive workplace for all employees.

The Housing Department is looking for a Senior Public Information Representative on the Communications Team.

Annual Salary range(s) for this classification is:

     * Senior Public Information Representative: $120,010.80 - $146,196.96

The Housing Department is looking for a Senior Public Information Representative. The Housing Department addresses complex societal issues, including homelessness, affordable housing, and fair housing. Our audiences range from ordinary citizens to elected officials, and from nonprofits to advocacy groups. If you want to do meaningful and fulfilling work, utilizing every bit of creativity you possess, then this is the job for you.

This position will give you the opportunity to make a difference in the lives of real people while you learn new skills, have fun and collaborate with many internal and external stakeholders. Our team needs an individual who is excited to help educate the public about programs, projects and initiatives the City undertakes to make housing more accessible to everyone.

Please note, This position requires fluency in English and at least one of the following languages: Chinese, Spanish, Vietnamese

Within our Communications Team, you will:

     * Play an important role in helping the Housing Department communicate critical information to the public, City Council and a wide range of stakeholders;

     * Provide graphic design services for the entire Department, including signage, brochures, mailers, flyers, and presentations;

     * Develop content for our Department's social media channels, website, and SharePoint site;

     * Support the Communications Team's public outreach via email and social media;

     * Manage the Department's photo library;

     * Manage the Department style guide and ensure all visuals produced by the Department comply with the City's brand guidelines;

     * Translate data and statistics about homelessness and affordable housing into relatable content via infographics and images;

     * Support multidisciplinary project teams that include policy experts and project managers from within and outside the Housing Department;

     * Produce the Department's annual report as well as reports for teams within the Department (e.g., Rent Stabilization Program, Homelessness Response Team); and

     * Support the Department's language access program and work with the City Manager's Office to ensure compliance with citywide language access policies.

Your Mindset and Duties

     * You are open-minded, curious and optimistic.

     * You are agile and can be both scrappy (to move fast) and detail-oriented (to go deep).

     * You have a contagious and positive work ethic.

     * You take on tasks and challenges with high energy and you can be counted on to complete projects on time.

     * You have a passion for storytelling and making a difference.

     * You have a proven history of working well in team situations and collaborating productively.

     * You are knowledgeable about affordable housing and homelessness issues.

(These qualifications are typically required. An equivalent combination of education, experience, knowledge, skills and abilities sufficient to satisfactorily perform the duties of the job may be substituted.)